OAuth 2.0 资源服务器多租户
支持 JWT 和不透明令牌
在某些情况下,您可能需要访问两种类型的令牌。例如,您可能支持多个租户,其中一个租户颁发 JWT,另一个租户颁发不透明令牌。
如果必须在请求时做出此决定,那么您可以使用 AuthenticationManagerResolver
来实现它,如下所示
-
Java
-
Kotlin
@Bean
AuthenticationManagerResolver<HttpServletRequest> tokenAuthenticationManagerResolver
(JwtDecoder jwtDecoder, OpaqueTokenIntrospector opaqueTokenIntrospector) {
AuthenticationManager jwt = new ProviderManager(new JwtAuthenticationProvider(jwtDecoder));
AuthenticationManager opaqueToken = new ProviderManager(
new OpaqueTokenAuthenticationProvider(opaqueTokenIntrospector));
return (request) -> useJwt(request) ? jwt : opaqueToken;
}
@Bean
fun tokenAuthenticationManagerResolver
(jwtDecoder: JwtDecoder, opaqueTokenIntrospector: OpaqueTokenIntrospector):
AuthenticationManagerResolver<HttpServletRequest> {
val jwt = ProviderManager(JwtAuthenticationProvider(jwtDecoder))
val opaqueToken = ProviderManager(OpaqueTokenAuthenticationProvider(opaqueTokenIntrospector));
return AuthenticationManagerResolver { request ->
if (useJwt(request)) {
jwt
} else {
opaqueToken
}
}
}
useJwt(HttpServletRequest) 的实现可能取决于自定义请求材料,例如路径。
|
然后在 DSL 中指定此 AuthenticationManagerResolver
-
Java
-
Kotlin
-
Xml
http
.authorizeHttpRequests(authorize -> authorize
.anyRequest().authenticated()
)
.oauth2ResourceServer(oauth2 -> oauth2
.authenticationManagerResolver(this.tokenAuthenticationManagerResolver)
);
http {
authorizeRequests {
authorize(anyRequest, authenticated)
}
oauth2ResourceServer {
authenticationManagerResolver = tokenAuthenticationManagerResolver()
}
}
<http>
<oauth2-resource-server authentication-manager-resolver-ref="tokenAuthenticationManagerResolver"/>
</http>
多租户
当存在多种验证承载令牌的策略时,资源服务器被认为是多租户的,这些策略由某个租户标识符进行键控。
例如,您的资源服务器可能接受来自两个不同授权服务器的承载令牌。或者,您的授权服务器可能代表多个发行者。
在每种情况下,都需要做两件事,并且与您选择如何执行它们相关的权衡
-
解析租户
-
传播租户
通过声明解析租户
区分租户的一种方法是通过发行者声明。由于发行者声明伴随着签名的 JWT,因此可以使用 JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver
完成此操作,如下所示
-
Java
-
Kotlin
-
Xml
JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver authenticationManagerResolver = JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver
.fromTrustedIssuers("https://idp.example.org/issuerOne", "https://idp.example.org/issuerTwo");
http
.authorizeHttpRequests(authorize -> authorize
.anyRequest().authenticated()
)
.oauth2ResourceServer(oauth2 -> oauth2
.authenticationManagerResolver(authenticationManagerResolver)
);
val customAuthenticationManagerResolver = JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver
.fromTrustedIssuers("https://idp.example.org/issuerOne", "https://idp.example.org/issuerTwo")
http {
authorizeRequests {
authorize(anyRequest, authenticated)
}
oauth2ResourceServer {
authenticationManagerResolver = customAuthenticationManagerResolver
}
}
<http>
<oauth2-resource-server authentication-manager-resolver-ref="authenticationManagerResolver"/>
</http>
<bean id="authenticationManagerResolver"
class="org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.resource.authentication.JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver">
<constructor-arg>
<list>
<value>https://idp.example.org/issuerOne</value>
<value>https://idp.example.org/issuerTwo</value>
</list>
</constructor-arg>
</bean>
这很好,因为发行者端点是延迟加载的。实际上,相应的 JwtAuthenticationProvider
仅在发送第一个具有相应发行者的请求时才实例化。这允许应用程序启动独立于这些授权服务器启动和可用。
动态租户
当然,您可能不希望每次添加新租户时都重新启动应用程序。在这种情况下,您可以使用 AuthenticationManager
实例的存储库配置 JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver
,您可以在运行时编辑它,如下所示
-
Java
-
Kotlin
private void addManager(Map<String, AuthenticationManager> authenticationManagers, String issuer) {
JwtAuthenticationProvider authenticationProvider = new JwtAuthenticationProvider
(JwtDecoders.fromIssuerLocation(issuer));
authenticationManagers.put(issuer, authenticationProvider::authenticate);
}
// ...
JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver authenticationManagerResolver =
new JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver(authenticationManagers::get);
http
.authorizeHttpRequests(authorize -> authorize
.anyRequest().authenticated()
)
.oauth2ResourceServer(oauth2 -> oauth2
.authenticationManagerResolver(authenticationManagerResolver)
);
private fun addManager(authenticationManagers: MutableMap<String, AuthenticationManager>, issuer: String) {
val authenticationProvider = JwtAuthenticationProvider(JwtDecoders.fromIssuerLocation(issuer))
authenticationManagers[issuer] = AuthenticationManager {
authentication: Authentication? -> authenticationProvider.authenticate(authentication)
}
}
// ...
val customAuthenticationManagerResolver: JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver =
JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver(authenticationManagers::get)
http {
authorizeRequests {
authorize(anyRequest, authenticated)
}
oauth2ResourceServer {
authenticationManagerResolver = customAuthenticationManagerResolver
}
}
在这种情况下,您使用获取 AuthenticationManager
的策略构造 JwtIssuerAuthenticationManagerResolver
,该策略基于发行者。这种方法允许我们在运行时向存储库(在代码段中显示为 Map
)添加和删除元素。
仅从发行者中获取并构造 AuthenticationManager 并不安全。发行者应该是代码可以从受信任来源(如允许的发行者列表)验证的发行者。
|
仅解析一次声明
您可能已经注意到,这种策略虽然简单,但有一个权衡,即 JWT 被 AuthenticationManagerResolver
解析一次,然后在请求的后面被 JwtDecoder
再次解析。
可以通过直接使用 Nimbus 的 JWTClaimsSetAwareJWSKeySelector
配置 JwtDecoder
来缓解这种额外的解析。
-
Java
-
Kotlin
@Component
public class TenantJWSKeySelector
implements JWTClaimsSetAwareJWSKeySelector<SecurityContext> {
private final TenantRepository tenants; (1)
private final Map<String, JWSKeySelector<SecurityContext>> selectors = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(); (2)
public TenantJWSKeySelector(TenantRepository tenants) {
this.tenants = tenants;
}
@Override
public List<? extends Key> selectKeys(JWSHeader jwsHeader, JWTClaimsSet jwtClaimsSet, SecurityContext securityContext)
throws KeySourceException {
return this.selectors.computeIfAbsent(toTenant(jwtClaimsSet), this::fromTenant)
.selectJWSKeys(jwsHeader, securityContext);
}
private String toTenant(JWTClaimsSet claimSet) {
return (String) claimSet.getClaim("iss");
}
private JWSKeySelector<SecurityContext> fromTenant(String tenant) {
return Optional.ofNullable(this.tenants.findById(tenant)) (3)
.map(t -> t.getAttrbute("jwks_uri"))
.map(this::fromUri)
.orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalArgumentException("unknown tenant"));
}
private JWSKeySelector<SecurityContext> fromUri(String uri) {
try {
return JWSAlgorithmFamilyJWSKeySelector.fromJWKSetURL(new URL(uri)); (4)
} catch (Exception ex) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(ex);
}
}
}
@Component
class TenantJWSKeySelector(tenants: TenantRepository) : JWTClaimsSetAwareJWSKeySelector<SecurityContext> {
private val tenants: TenantRepository (1)
private val selectors: MutableMap<String, JWSKeySelector<SecurityContext>> = ConcurrentHashMap() (2)
init {
this.tenants = tenants
}
fun selectKeys(jwsHeader: JWSHeader?, jwtClaimsSet: JWTClaimsSet, securityContext: SecurityContext): List<Key?> {
return selectors.computeIfAbsent(toTenant(jwtClaimsSet)) { tenant: String -> fromTenant(tenant) }
.selectJWSKeys(jwsHeader, securityContext)
}
private fun toTenant(claimSet: JWTClaimsSet): String {
return claimSet.getClaim("iss") as String
}
private fun fromTenant(tenant: String): JWSKeySelector<SecurityContext> {
return Optional.ofNullable(this.tenants.findById(tenant)) (3)
.map { t -> t.getAttrbute("jwks_uri") }
.map { uri: String -> fromUri(uri) }
.orElseThrow { IllegalArgumentException("unknown tenant") }
}
private fun fromUri(uri: String): JWSKeySelector<SecurityContext?> {
return try {
JWSAlgorithmFamilyJWSKeySelector.fromJWKSetURL(URL(uri)) (4)
} catch (ex: Exception) {
throw IllegalArgumentException(ex)
}
}
}
1 | 租户信息的假设来源 |
2 | 一个用于 `JWKKeySelector` 的缓存,以租户标识符为键 |
3 | 查找租户比直接计算 JWK 集端点更安全 - 查找充当允许租户的列表 |
4 | 通过从 JWK 集端点返回的密钥类型创建 JWSKeySelector - 此处的延迟查找意味着您无需在启动时配置所有租户 |
上面的密钥选择器是许多密钥选择器的组合。它根据 JWT 中的 iss
声明选择要使用的密钥选择器。
要使用这种方法,请确保授权服务器配置为将声明集作为令牌签名的部分包含在内。如果没有,您无法保证发行者没有被恶意行为者篡改。 |
接下来,我们可以构建一个 JWTProcessor
-
Java
-
Kotlin
@Bean
JWTProcessor jwtProcessor(JWTClaimSetJWSKeySelector keySelector) {
ConfigurableJWTProcessor<SecurityContext> jwtProcessor =
new DefaultJWTProcessor();
jwtProcessor.setJWTClaimSetJWSKeySelector(keySelector);
return jwtProcessor;
}
@Bean
fun jwtProcessor(keySelector: JWTClaimsSetAwareJWSKeySelector<SecurityContext>): JWTProcessor<SecurityContext> {
val jwtProcessor = DefaultJWTProcessor<SecurityContext>()
jwtProcessor.jwtClaimsSetAwareJWSKeySelector = keySelector
return jwtProcessor
}
正如您已经看到的那样,将租户感知移动到此级别的权衡是更多的配置。我们只需要更多一点。
接下来,我们仍然希望确保您正在验证发行者。但是,由于发行者可能因 JWT 而异,因此您也需要一个租户感知验证器
-
Java
-
Kotlin
@Component
public class TenantJwtIssuerValidator implements OAuth2TokenValidator<Jwt> {
private final TenantRepository tenants;
private final OAuth2Error error = new OAuth2Error(OAuth2ErrorCodes.INVALID_TOKEN, "The iss claim is not valid",
"https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6750#section-3.1");
public TenantJwtIssuerValidator(TenantRepository tenants) {
this.tenants = tenants;
}
@Override
public OAuth2TokenValidatorResult validate(Jwt token) {
if(this.tenants.findById(token.getIssuer()) != null) {
return OAuth2TokenValidatorResult.success();
}
return OAuth2TokenValidatorResult.failure(this.error);
}
}
@Component
class TenantJwtIssuerValidator(private val tenants: TenantRepository) : OAuth2TokenValidator<Jwt> {
private val error: OAuth2Error = OAuth2Error(OAuth2ErrorCodes.INVALID_TOKEN, "The iss claim is not valid",
"https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6750#section-3.1")
override fun validate(token: Jwt): OAuth2TokenValidatorResult {
return if (tenants.findById(token.issuer) != null)
OAuth2TokenValidatorResult.success() else OAuth2TokenValidatorResult.failure(error)
}
}
现在我们有了租户感知处理器和租户感知验证器,我们可以继续创建我们的 JwtDecoder
-
Java
-
Kotlin
@Bean
JwtDecoder jwtDecoder(JWTProcessor jwtProcessor, OAuth2TokenValidator<Jwt> jwtValidator) {
NimbusJwtDecoder decoder = new NimbusJwtDecoder(processor);
OAuth2TokenValidator<Jwt> validator = new DelegatingOAuth2TokenValidator<>
(JwtValidators.createDefault(), jwtValidator);
decoder.setJwtValidator(validator);
return decoder;
}
@Bean
fun jwtDecoder(jwtProcessor: JWTProcessor<SecurityContext>?, jwtValidator: OAuth2TokenValidator<Jwt>?): JwtDecoder {
val decoder = NimbusJwtDecoder(jwtProcessor)
val validator: OAuth2TokenValidator<Jwt> = DelegatingOAuth2TokenValidator(JwtValidators.createDefault(), jwtValidator)
decoder.setJwtValidator(validator)
return decoder
}
我们已经完成了关于解析租户的讨论。
如果您选择通过 JWT 声明以外的其他方式解析租户,那么您需要确保以相同的方式处理下游资源服务器。例如,如果您通过子域解析它,您可能需要使用相同的子域来处理下游资源服务器。
但是,如果您通过承载令牌中的声明解析它,请继续阅读以了解 Spring Security 对承载令牌传播的支持。