OAuth2 WebFlux

Spring Security 提供了全面的 OAuth 2.0 支持。本节讨论如何将 OAuth 2.0 集成到您的响应式应用程序中。

概述

Spring Security 的 OAuth 2.0 支持包含两个主要功能集

OAuth2 登录是一个非常强大的 OAuth2 客户端功能,值得在参考文档中单独列出一节。但是,它并非独立功能,需要 OAuth2 客户端才能运行。

这些功能集涵盖了 OAuth 2.0 授权框架 中定义的资源服务器客户端角色,而授权服务器角色则由 Spring Authorization Server 涵盖,这是一个基于 Spring Security 构建的独立项目。

OAuth2 中的资源服务器客户端角色通常由一个或多个服务器端应用程序表示。此外,授权服务器角色可以由一个或多个第三方(如组织内集中身份管理和/或认证的情况)表示,由一个应用程序(如 Spring Authorization Server 的情况)表示。

例如,一个典型的基于 OAuth2 的微服务架构可能包含一个面向用户的客户端应用程序、几个提供 REST API 的后端资源服务器以及一个用于管理用户和认证事宜的第三方授权服务器。通常情况下,一个应用程序仅代表其中一个角色,需要与提供其他角色的一或多个第三方集成。

Spring Security 处理这些以及更多场景。以下部分涵盖了 Spring Security 提供的角色,并包含常见场景的示例。

OAuth2 资源服务器

本节包含 OAuth2 资源服务器功能的摘要和示例。有关完整的参考文档,请参阅 OAuth 2.0 资源服务器

首先,将 spring-security-oauth2-resource-server 依赖项添加到您的项目中。使用 Spring Boot 时,添加以下启动器

使用 Spring Boot 的 OAuth2 客户端
  • Gradle

  • Maven

implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-oauth2-resource-server'
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-oauth2-resource-server</artifactId>
</dependency>

有关不使用 Spring Boot 时的其他选项,请参阅 获取 Spring Security

考虑 OAuth2 资源服务器的以下用例

使用 OAuth2 访问令牌保护访问

使用 OAuth2 访问令牌保护对 API 的访问非常常见。在大多数情况下,Spring Security 只需最少的配置即可使用 OAuth2 保护应用程序。

Spring Security 支持两种类型的 Bearer 令牌,每种令牌都使用不同的组件进行验证

JWT 支持

以下示例使用 Spring Boot 配置属性配置 ReactiveJwtDecoder bean

spring:
  security:
    oauth2:
      resourceserver:
        jwt:
          issuer-uri: https://my-auth-server.com

使用 Spring Boot 时,只需如此。Spring Boot 提供的默认配置等同于以下配置

使用 JWT 配置资源服务器
  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Configuration
@EnableWebFluxSecurity
public class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	public SecurityWebFilterChain securityWebFilterChain(ServerHttpSecurity http) {
		http
			.authorizeExchange((authorize) -> authorize
				.anyExchange().authenticated()
			)
			.oauth2ResourceServer((oauth2) -> oauth2
				.jwt(Customizer.withDefaults())
			);
		return http.build();
	}

	@Bean
	public ReactiveJwtDecoder jwtDecoder() {
		return ReactiveJwtDecoders.fromIssuerLocation("https://my-auth-server.com");
	}

}
import org.springframework.security.config.web.server.invoke

@Configuration
@EnableWebFluxSecurity
class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	fun securityWebFilterChain(http: ServerHttpSecurity): SecurityWebFilterChain {
		return http {
			authorizeExchange {
				authorize(anyExchange, authenticated)
			}
			oauth2ResourceServer {
				jwt { }
			}
		}
	}

	@Bean
	fun jwtDecoder(): ReactiveJwtDecoder {
		return ReactiveJwtDecoders.fromIssuerLocation("https://my-auth-server.com")
	}

}

不透明令牌支持

以下示例使用 Spring Boot 配置属性配置 ReactiveOpaqueTokenIntrospector bean

spring:
  security:
    oauth2:
      resourceserver:
        opaquetoken:
          introspection-uri: https://my-auth-server.com/oauth2/introspect
          client-id: my-client-id
          client-secret: my-client-secret

使用 Spring Boot 时,只需如此。Spring Boot 提供的默认配置等同于以下配置

使用不透明令牌配置资源服务器
  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Configuration
@EnableWebFluxSecurity
public class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	public SecurityWebFilterChain securityWebFilterChain(ServerHttpSecurity http) {
		http
			.authorizeExchange((authorize) -> authorize
				.anyExchange().authenticated()
			)
			.oauth2ResourceServer((oauth2) -> oauth2
				.opaqueToken(Customizer.withDefaults())
			);
		return http.build();
	}

	@Bean
	public ReactiveOpaqueTokenIntrospector opaqueTokenIntrospector() {
		return new SpringReactiveOpaqueTokenIntrospector(
			"https://my-auth-server.com/oauth2/introspect", "my-client-id", "my-client-secret");
	}

}
import org.springframework.security.config.web.server.invoke

@Configuration
@EnableWebFluxSecurity
class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	fun securityWebFilterChain(http: ServerHttpSecurity): SecurityWebFilterChain {
		return http {
			authorizeExchange {
				authorize(anyExchange, authenticated)
			}
			oauth2ResourceServer {
				opaqueToken { }
			}
		}
	}

	@Bean
	fun opaqueTokenIntrospector(): ReactiveOpaqueTokenIntrospector {
		return SpringReactiveOpaqueTokenIntrospector(
			"https://my-auth-server.com/oauth2/introspect", "my-client-id", "my-client-secret"
		)
	}

}

使用自定义 JWT 保护访问

使用 JWT 保护对 API 的访问是一个相当常见的目标,尤其是在前端作为单页应用程序开发时。Spring Security 中的 OAuth2 资源服务器支持可用于任何类型的 Bearer 令牌,包括自定义 JWT。

使用 JWT 保护 API 所需的全部功能是 ReactiveJwtDecoder bean,它用于验证签名和解码令牌。Spring Security 将自动使用提供的 bean 在 SecurityWebFilterChain 中配置保护。

以下示例使用 Spring Boot 配置属性配置 ReactiveJwtDecoder bean

spring:
  security:
    oauth2:
      resourceserver:
        jwt:
          public-key-location: classpath:my-public-key.pub

您可以将公钥作为类路径资源提供(在此示例中称为 my-public-key.pub)。

使用 Spring Boot 时,只需如此。Spring Boot 提供的默认配置等同于以下配置

使用自定义 JWT 配置资源服务器
  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Configuration
@EnableWebFluxSecurity
public class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	public SecurityWebFilterChain securityWebFilterChain(ServerHttpSecurity http) {
		http
			.authorizeExchange((authorize) -> authorize
				.anyExchange().authenticated()
			)
			.oauth2ResourceServer((oauth2) -> oauth2
				.jwt(Customizer.withDefaults())
			);
		return http.build();
	}

	@Bean
	public ReactiveJwtDecoder jwtDecoder() {
		return NimbusReactiveJwtDecoder.withPublicKey(publicKey()).build();
	}

	private RSAPublicKey publicKey() {
		// ...
	}

}
import org.springframework.security.config.web.server.invoke

@Configuration
@EnableWebFluxSecurity
class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	fun securityWebFilterChain(http: ServerHttpSecurity): SecurityWebFilterChain {
		return http {
			authorizeExchange {
				authorize(anyExchange, authenticated)
			}
			oauth2ResourceServer {
				jwt { }
			}
		}
	}

	@Bean
	fun jwtDecoder(): ReactiveJwtDecoder {
		return NimbusReactiveJwtDecoder.withPublicKey(publicKey()).build()
	}

	private fun publicKey(): RSAPublicKey {
		// ...
	}

}

Spring Security 不提供用于铸造令牌的端点。然而,Spring Security 确实提供了 JwtEncoder 接口以及一个实现,即 NimbusJwtEncoder

OAuth2 客户端

本节包含 OAuth2 客户端功能的摘要和示例。有关完整的参考文档,请参阅 OAuth 2.0 客户端OAuth 2.0 登录

首先,将 spring-security-oauth2-client 依赖项添加到您的项目中。使用 Spring Boot 时,添加以下启动器

使用 Spring Boot 的 OAuth2 客户端
  • Gradle

  • Maven

implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-oauth2-client'
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-oauth2-client</artifactId>
</dependency>

有关不使用 Spring Boot 时的其他选项,请参阅 获取 Spring Security

考虑 OAuth2 客户端的以下用例

使用 OAuth2 登录用户

要求用户通过 OAuth2 登录是非常常见的。OpenID Connect 1.0 提供了一个名为 id_token 的特殊令牌,旨在为 OAuth2 客户端提供执行用户身份验证和登录用户的能力。在某些情况下,OAuth2 可以直接用于登录用户(例如流行的社交登录提供商,如 GitHub 和 Facebook,它们未实现 OpenID Connect)。

以下示例配置应用程序以充当能够使用 OAuth2 或 OpenID Connect 登录用户的 OAuth2 客户端

配置 OAuth2 登录
  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Configuration
@EnableWebFluxSecurity
public class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	public SecurityWebFilterChain securityWebFilterChain(ServerHttpSecurity http) {
		http
			// ...
			.oauth2Login(Customizer.withDefaults());
		return http.build();
	}

}
import org.springframework.security.config.web.server.invoke

@Configuration
@EnableWebFluxSecurity
class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	fun securityWebFilterChain(http: ServerHttpSecurity): SecurityWebFilterChain {
		return http {
			// ...
			oauth2Login { }
		}
	}

}

除了上述配置,应用程序还需要通过使用 ReactiveClientRegistrationRepository bean 配置至少一个 ClientRegistration。以下示例使用 Spring Boot 配置属性配置 InMemoryReactiveClientRegistrationRepository bean

spring:
  security:
    oauth2:
      client:
        registration:
          my-oidc-client:
            provider: my-oidc-provider
            client-id: my-client-id
            client-secret: my-client-secret
            authorization-grant-type: authorization_code
            scope: openid,profile
        provider:
          my-oidc-provider:
            issuer-uri: https://my-oidc-provider.com

通过上述配置,应用程序现在支持两个额外的端点

  1. 登录端点(例如 /oauth2/authorization/my-oidc-client)用于启动登录并重定向到第三方授权服务器。

  2. 重定向端点(例如 /login/oauth2/code/my-oidc-client)由授权服务器用于重定向回客户端应用程序,并将包含用于通过访问令牌请求获取 id_token 和/或 access_tokencode 参数。

上述配置中 openid 范围的存在表明应使用 OpenID Connect 1.0。这指示 Spring Security 在请求处理期间使用 OIDC 特定的组件(例如 OidcReactiveOAuth2UserService)。如果没有此范围,Spring Security 将转而使用 OAuth2 特定的组件(例如 DefaultReactiveOAuth2UserService)。

访问受保护资源

向受 OAuth2 保护的第三方 API 发送请求是 OAuth2 客户端的核心用例。这通过授权客户端(在 Spring Security 中由 OAuth2AuthorizedClient 类表示)并通过在出站请求的 Authorization 头中放置 Bearer 令牌来访问受保护资源实现。

以下示例配置应用程序以充当能够从第三方 API 请求受保护资源的 OAuth2 客户端

配置 OAuth2 客户端
  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Configuration
@EnableWebFluxSecurity
public class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	public SecurityWebFilterChain securityWebFilterChain(ServerHttpSecurity http) {
		http
			// ...
			.oauth2Client(Customizer.withDefaults());
		return http.build();
	}

}
import org.springframework.security.config.web.server.invoke

@Configuration
@EnableWebFluxSecurity
class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	fun securityWebFilterChain(http: ServerHttpSecurity): SecurityWebFilterChain {
		return http {
			// ...
			oauth2Client { }
		}
	}

}

上述示例并未提供登录用户的方式。您可以使用任何其他登录机制(例如 formLogin())。有关将 oauth2Client()oauth2Login() 结合使用的示例,请参阅下一节

除了上述配置,应用程序还需要通过使用 ReactiveClientRegistrationRepository bean 配置至少一个 ClientRegistration。以下示例使用 Spring Boot 配置属性配置 InMemoryReactiveClientRegistrationRepository bean

spring:
  security:
    oauth2:
      client:
        registration:
          my-oauth2-client:
            provider: my-auth-server
            client-id: my-client-id
            client-secret: my-client-secret
            authorization-grant-type: authorization_code
            scope: message.read,message.write
        provider:
          my-auth-server:
            issuer-uri: https://my-auth-server.com

除了配置 Spring Security 以支持 OAuth2 客户端功能之外,您还需要决定如何访问受保护资源并相应地配置您的应用程序。Spring Security 提供了 ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager 的实现,用于获取可用于访问受保护资源的访问令牌。

当不存在默认的 ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager bean 时,Spring Security 会为您注册一个。

使用 ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager 最简单的方法是通过 ExchangeFilterFunction 拦截通过 WebClient 的请求。

以下示例使用默认的 ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager 来配置一个 WebClient,该 WebClient 能够通过在每个请求的 Authorization 头中放置 Bearer 令牌来访问受保护资源

使用 ExchangeFilterFunction 配置 WebClient
  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Configuration
public class WebClientConfig {

	@Bean
	public WebClient webClient(ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager) {
		ServerOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction filter =
				new ServerOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction(authorizedClientManager);
		return WebClient.builder()
				.filter(filter)
				.build();
	}

}
@Configuration
class WebClientConfig {

	@Bean
	fun webClient(authorizedClientManager: ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager): WebClient {
		val filter = ServerOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction(authorizedClientManager)
		return WebClient.builder()
			.filter(filter)
			.build()
	}

}

此配置的 WebClient 可按以下示例使用

使用 WebClient 访问受保护资源
  • Java

  • Kotlin

import static org.springframework.security.oauth2.client.web.reactive.function.client.ServerOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction.clientRegistrationId;

@RestController
public class MessagesController {

	private final WebClient webClient;

	public MessagesController(WebClient webClient) {
		this.webClient = webClient;
	}

	@GetMapping("/messages")
	public Mono<ResponseEntity<List<Message>>> messages() {
		return this.webClient.get()
				.uri("https://:8090/messages")
				.attributes(clientRegistrationId("my-oauth2-client"))
				.retrieve()
				.toEntityList(Message.class);
	}

	public record Message(String message) {
	}

}
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.client.web.reactive.function.client.ServerOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction.clientRegistrationId

@RestController
class MessagesController(private val webClient: WebClient) {

	@GetMapping("/messages")
	fun messages(): Mono<ResponseEntity<List<Message>>> {
		return webClient.get()
			.uri("https://:8090/messages")
			.attributes(clientRegistrationId("my-oauth2-client"))
			.retrieve()
			.toEntityList<Message>()
	}

	data class Message(val message: String)

}

访问当前用户的受保护资源

当用户通过 OAuth2 或 OpenID Connect 登录时,授权服务器可能会提供一个访问令牌,该令牌可以直接用于访问受保护资源。这很方便,因为它只需要同时配置一个 ClientRegistration 即可满足这两个用例。

本节将使用 OAuth2 登录用户访问受保护资源合并到一个配置中。还存在其他高级场景,例如为登录配置一个 ClientRegistration,为访问受保护资源配置另一个。所有此类场景都将使用相同的基本配置。

以下示例配置应用程序以充当能够登录用户从第三方 API 请求受保护资源的 OAuth2 客户端

配置 OAuth2 登录和 OAuth2 客户端
  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Configuration
@EnableWebFluxSecurity
public class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	public SecurityWebFilterChain securityWebFilterChain(ServerHttpSecurity http) {
		http
			// ...
			.oauth2Login(Customizer.withDefaults())
			.oauth2Client(Customizer.withDefaults());
		return http.build();
	}

}
import org.springframework.security.config.web.server.invoke

@Configuration
@EnableWebFluxSecurity
class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	fun securityWebFilterChain(http: ServerHttpSecurity): SecurityWebFilterChain {
		return http {
			// ...
			oauth2Login { }
			oauth2Client { }
		}
	}

}

除了上述配置,应用程序还需要通过使用 ReactiveClientRegistrationRepository bean 配置至少一个 ClientRegistration。以下示例使用 Spring Boot 配置属性配置 InMemoryReactiveClientRegistrationRepository bean

spring:
  security:
    oauth2:
      client:
        registration:
          my-combined-client:
            provider: my-auth-server
            client-id: my-client-id
            client-secret: my-client-secret
            authorization-grant-type: authorization_code
            scope: openid,profile,message.read,message.write
        provider:
          my-auth-server:
            issuer-uri: https://my-auth-server.com

与之前的示例(使用 OAuth2 登录用户访问受保护资源)相比,此示例的主要区别在于通过 scope 属性配置的内容,它将标准范围 openidprofile 与自定义范围 message.readmessage.write 结合起来。

除了配置 Spring Security 以支持 OAuth2 客户端功能之外,您还需要决定如何访问受保护资源并相应地配置您的应用程序。Spring Security 提供了 ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager 的实现,用于获取可用于访问受保护资源的访问令牌。

当不存在默认的 ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager bean 时,Spring Security 会为您注册一个。

使用 ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager 最简单的方法是通过 ExchangeFilterFunction 拦截通过 WebClient 的请求。

以下示例使用默认的 ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager 来配置一个 WebClient,该 WebClient 能够通过在每个请求的 Authorization 头中放置 Bearer 令牌来访问受保护资源

使用 ExchangeFilterFunction 配置 WebClient
  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Configuration
public class WebClientConfig {

	@Bean
	public WebClient webClient(ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager) {
		ServerOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction filter =
				new ServerOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction(authorizedClientManager);
		return WebClient.builder()
				.filter(filter)
				.build();
	}

}
@Configuration
class WebClientConfig {

	@Bean
	fun webClient(authorizedClientManager: ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager): WebClient {
		val filter = ServerOAuth2AuthorizedClientExchangeFilterFunction(authorizedClientManager)
		return WebClient.builder()
			.filter(filter)
			.build()
	}

}

此配置的 WebClient 可按以下示例使用

使用 WebClient 访问受保护资源(当前用户)
  • Java

  • Kotlin

@RestController
public class MessagesController {

	private final WebClient webClient;

	public MessagesController(WebClient webClient) {
		this.webClient = webClient;
	}

	@GetMapping("/messages")
	public Mono<ResponseEntity<List<Message>>> messages() {
		return this.webClient.get()
				.uri("https://:8090/messages")
				.retrieve()
				.toEntityList(Message.class);
	}

	public record Message(String message) {
	}

}
@RestController
class MessagesController(private val webClient: WebClient) {

	@GetMapping("/messages")
	fun messages(): Mono<ResponseEntity<List<Message>>> {
		return webClient.get()
			.uri("https://:8090/messages")
			.retrieve()
			.toEntityList<Message>()
	}

	data class Message(val message: String)

}

上一个示例不同,请注意我们不需要告诉 Spring Security 我们希望使用的 clientRegistrationId。这是因为它可以通过当前登录用户派生。

启用扩展授权类型

一个常见的用例是启用和/或配置扩展授权类型。例如,Spring Security 支持 jwt-bearertoken-exchange 授权类型,但默认情况下不启用它们,因为它们不属于核心 OAuth 2.0 规范。

从 Spring Security 6.3 及更高版本开始,我们只需发布一个或多个 ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider 的 bean,它们就会被自动拾取。以下示例仅启用了 jwt-bearer 授权类型

启用 jwt-bearer 授权类型
  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	public ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider jwtBearer() {
		return new JwtBearerReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider();
	}

}
@Configuration
class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	fun jwtBearer(): ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider {
		return JwtBearerReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider()
	}

}

当未提供 ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager bean 时,Spring Security 将自动发布一个默认的 ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager bean。

任何自定义的 OAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider bean 也将被拾取,并在默认授权类型之后应用于提供的 ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager

在 Spring Security 6.3 之前,为了实现上述配置,我们必须自己发布此 bean,并确保也重新启用默认授权类型。为了理解后台配置了什么,配置可能如下所示

启用 jwt-bearer 授权类型(6.3 之前)
  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	public ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager(
			ReactiveClientRegistrationRepository clientRegistrationRepository,
			ServerOAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository authorizedClientRepository) {

		ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider authorizedClientProvider =
			ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
				.authorizationCode()
				.refreshToken()
				.clientCredentials()
				.provider(new JwtBearerReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider())
				.build();

		DefaultReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager =
			new DefaultReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
				clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientRepository);
		authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider);

		return authorizedClientManager;
	}

}
@Configuration
class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	fun authorizedClientManager(
		clientRegistrationRepository: ReactiveClientRegistrationRepository,
		authorizedClientRepository: ServerOAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository
	): ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager {
		val authorizedClientProvider = ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
			.authorizationCode()
			.refreshToken()
			.clientCredentials()
			.provider(JwtBearerReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider())
			.build()

		val authorizedClientManager = DefaultReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
			clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientRepository
		)
		authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider)

		return authorizedClientManager
	}

}

自定义现有授权类型

通过发布 bean 来启用扩展授权类型的能力还提供了自定义现有授权类型的机会,而无需重新定义默认值。例如,如果我们想自定义 client_credentials 授权类型的 ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider 的时钟偏差,我们只需发布一个 bean,如下所示

自定义客户端凭证授权类型
  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	public ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider clientCredentials() {
		ClientCredentialsReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider authorizedClientProvider =
				new ClientCredentialsReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider();
		authorizedClientProvider.setClockSkew(Duration.ofMinutes(5));

		return authorizedClientProvider;
	}

}
@Configuration
class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	fun clientCredentials(): ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider {
		val authorizedClientProvider = ClientCredentialsReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider()
		authorizedClientProvider.setClockSkew(Duration.ofMinutes(5))
		return authorizedClientProvider
	}

}

自定义令牌请求参数

在获取访问令牌时自定义请求参数是相当常见的需求。例如,假设我们希望向令牌请求添加一个自定义的 audience 参数,因为提供者要求此参数用于 authorization_code 授权。

我们可以简单地发布一个带有泛型类型 OAuth2AuthorizationCodeGrantRequestReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient 类型的 bean,Spring Security 将使用它来配置 OAuth2 客户端组件。

以下示例为 authorization_code 授权自定义令牌请求参数

为授权码授权自定义令牌请求参数
  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	public ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<OAuth2AuthorizationCodeGrantRequest> authorizationCodeAccessTokenResponseClient() {
		WebClientReactiveAuthorizationCodeTokenResponseClient accessTokenResponseClient =
			new WebClientReactiveAuthorizationCodeTokenResponseClient();
		accessTokenResponseClient.addParametersConverter(parametersConverter());

		return accessTokenResponseClient;
	}

	private static Converter<OAuth2AuthorizationCodeGrantRequest, MultiValueMap<String, String>> parametersConverter() {
		return (grantRequest) -> {
			MultiValueMap<String, String> parameters = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
			parameters.set("audience", "xyz_value");

			return parameters;
		};
	}

}
@Configuration
class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	fun authorizationCodeAccessTokenResponseClient(): ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<OAuth2AuthorizationCodeGrantRequest> {
		val accessTokenResponseClient = WebClientReactiveAuthorizationCodeTokenResponseClient()
		accessTokenResponseClient.addParametersConverter(parametersConverter())

		return accessTokenResponseClient
	}

	private fun parametersConverter(): Converter<OAuth2AuthorizationCodeGrantRequest, MultiValueMap<String, String>> {
		return Converter<OAuth2AuthorizationCodeGrantRequest, MultiValueMap<String, String>> { grantRequest ->
			LinkedMultiValueMap<String, String>().also { parameters ->
				parameters["audience"] = "xyz_value"
			}
		}
	}

}

请注意,在这种情况下我们不需要自定义 SecurityWebFilterChain bean,并且可以坚持使用默认值。如果使用 Spring Boot 且没有额外的自定义,我们甚至可以完全省略 SecurityWebFilterChain bean。

正如您所看到的,将 ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient 作为 bean 提供非常方便。当直接使用 Spring Security DSL 时,我们需要确保此自定义适用于 OAuth2 登录(如果我们正在使用此功能)和 OAuth2 客户端组件。为了理解后台配置了什么,使用 DSL 的配置可能如下所示

使用 DSL 为授权码授权自定义令牌请求参数
  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Configuration
@EnableWebFluxSecurity
public class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	public SecurityWebFilterChain securityWebFilterChain(ServerHttpSecurity http) {
		WebClientReactiveAuthorizationCodeTokenResponseClient accessTokenResponseClient =
			new WebClientReactiveAuthorizationCodeTokenResponseClient();
		accessTokenResponseClient.addParametersConverter(parametersConverter());

		http
			.authorizeExchange((authorize) -> authorize
				.anyExchange().authenticated()
			)
			.oauth2Login((oauth2Login) -> oauth2Login
				.authenticationManager(new DelegatingReactiveAuthenticationManager(
					new OidcAuthorizationCodeReactiveAuthenticationManager(
						accessTokenResponseClient, new OidcReactiveOAuth2UserService()
					),
					new OAuth2LoginReactiveAuthenticationManager(
						accessTokenResponseClient, new DefaultReactiveOAuth2UserService()
					)
				))
			)
			.oauth2Client((oauth2Client) -> oauth2Client
				.authenticationManager(new OAuth2AuthorizationCodeReactiveAuthenticationManager(
					accessTokenResponseClient
				))
			);

		return http.build();
	}

	private static Converter<OAuth2AuthorizationCodeGrantRequest, MultiValueMap<String, String>> parametersConverter() {
		// ...
	}

}
import org.springframework.security.config.web.server.invoke

@Configuration
@EnableWebFluxSecurity
class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	fun securityWebFilterChain(http: ServerHttpSecurity): SecurityWebFilterChain {
		val accessTokenResponseClient = WebClientReactiveAuthorizationCodeTokenResponseClient()
		accessTokenResponseClient.addParametersConverter(parametersConverter())

		return http {
			authorizeExchange {
				authorize(anyExchange, authenticated)
			}
			oauth2Login {
				authenticationManager = DelegatingReactiveAuthenticationManager(
					OidcAuthorizationCodeReactiveAuthenticationManager(
						accessTokenResponseClient, OidcReactiveOAuth2UserService()
					),
					OAuth2LoginReactiveAuthenticationManager(
						accessTokenResponseClient, DefaultReactiveOAuth2UserService()
					)
				)
			}
			oauth2Client {
				authenticationManager = OAuth2AuthorizationCodeReactiveAuthenticationManager(
					accessTokenResponseClient
				)
			}
		}
	}

	private fun parametersConverter(): Converter<OAuth2AuthorizationCodeGrantRequest, MultiValueMap<String, String>> {
		// ...
	}

}

对于其他授权类型,我们可以发布额外的 ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient bean 来覆盖默认值。例如,要为 client_credentials 授权自定义令牌请求,我们可以发布以下 bean

为客户端凭证授权自定义令牌请求参数
  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	public ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<OAuth2ClientCredentialsGrantRequest> clientCredentialsAccessTokenResponseClient() {
		WebClientReactiveClientCredentialsTokenResponseClient accessTokenResponseClient =
				new WebClientReactiveClientCredentialsTokenResponseClient();
		accessTokenResponseClient.addParametersConverter(parametersConverter());

		return accessTokenResponseClient;
	}

	private static Converter<OAuth2ClientCredentialsGrantRequest, MultiValueMap<String, String>> parametersConverter() {
		// ...
	}

}
@Configuration
class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	fun clientCredentialsAccessTokenResponseClient(): ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<OAuth2ClientCredentialsGrantRequest> {
		val accessTokenResponseClient = WebClientReactiveClientCredentialsTokenResponseClient()
		accessTokenResponseClient.addParametersConverter(parametersConverter())

		return accessTokenResponseClient
	}

	private fun parametersConverter(): Converter<OAuth2ClientCredentialsGrantRequest, MultiValueMap<String, String>> {
		// ...
	}

}

Spring Security 自动解析以下 ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient bean 的泛型类型

  • OAuth2AuthorizationCodeGrantRequest(参见 WebClientReactiveAuthorizationCodeTokenResponseClient

  • OAuth2RefreshTokenGrantRequest(参见 WebClientReactiveRefreshTokenTokenResponseClient

  • OAuth2ClientCredentialsGrantRequest(参见 WebClientReactiveClientCredentialsTokenResponseClient

  • JwtBearerGrantRequest(参见 WebClientReactiveJwtBearerTokenResponseClient

  • TokenExchangeGrantRequest(参见 WebClientReactiveTokenExchangeTokenResponseClient

发布 ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<JwtBearerGrantRequest> 类型的 bean 将自动启用 jwt-bearer 授权类型,而无需单独配置它

发布 ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<TokenExchangeGrantRequest> 类型的 bean 将自动启用 token-exchange 授权类型,而无需单独配置它

自定义 OAuth2 客户端组件使用的 WebClient

另一个常见的用例是需要自定义在获取访问令牌时使用的 WebClient。我们可能需要这样做来通过自定义 ClientHttpConnector 自定义底层 HTTP 客户端库,以配置 SSL 设置或为公司网络应用代理设置。

从 Spring Security 6.3 及更高版本开始,我们只需发布 ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient 类型的 bean,Spring Security 将为我们配置并发布一个 ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager bean。

以下示例为所有支持的授权类型自定义 WebClient

为 OAuth2 客户端自定义 WebClient
  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	public ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<OAuth2AuthorizationCodeGrantRequest> authorizationCodeAccessTokenResponseClient() {
		WebClientReactiveAuthorizationCodeTokenResponseClient accessTokenResponseClient =
			new WebClientReactiveAuthorizationCodeTokenResponseClient();
		accessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient());

		return accessTokenResponseClient;
	}

	@Bean
	public ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<OAuth2RefreshTokenGrantRequest> refreshTokenAccessTokenResponseClient() {
		WebClientReactiveRefreshTokenTokenResponseClient accessTokenResponseClient =
			new WebClientReactiveRefreshTokenTokenResponseClient();
		accessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient());

		return accessTokenResponseClient;
	}

	@Bean
	public ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<OAuth2ClientCredentialsGrantRequest> clientCredentialsAccessTokenResponseClient() {
		WebClientReactiveClientCredentialsTokenResponseClient accessTokenResponseClient =
			new WebClientReactiveClientCredentialsTokenResponseClient();
		accessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient());

		return accessTokenResponseClient;
	}

	@Bean
	public ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<JwtBearerGrantRequest> jwtBearerAccessTokenResponseClient() {
		WebClientReactiveJwtBearerTokenResponseClient accessTokenResponseClient =
			new WebClientReactiveJwtBearerTokenResponseClient();
		accessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient());

		return accessTokenResponseClient;
	}

	@Bean
	public ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<TokenExchangeGrantRequest> tokenExchangeAccessTokenResponseClient() {
		WebClientReactiveTokenExchangeTokenResponseClient accessTokenResponseClient =
			new WebClientReactiveTokenExchangeTokenResponseClient();
		accessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient());

		return accessTokenResponseClient;
	}

	@Bean
	public WebClient webClient() {
		// ...
	}

}
@Configuration
class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	fun authorizationCodeAccessTokenResponseClient(): ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<OAuth2AuthorizationCodeGrantRequest> {
		val accessTokenResponseClient = WebClientReactiveAuthorizationCodeTokenResponseClient()
		accessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient())

		return accessTokenResponseClient
	}

	@Bean
	fun refreshTokenAccessTokenResponseClient(): ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<OAuth2RefreshTokenGrantRequest> {
		val accessTokenResponseClient = WebClientReactiveRefreshTokenTokenResponseClient()
		accessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient())

		return accessTokenResponseClient
	}

	@Bean
	fun clientCredentialsAccessTokenResponseClient(): ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<OAuth2ClientCredentialsGrantRequest> {
		val accessTokenResponseClient = WebClientReactiveClientCredentialsTokenResponseClient()
		accessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient())

		return accessTokenResponseClient
	}

	@Bean
	fun jwtBearerAccessTokenResponseClient(): ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<JwtBearerGrantRequest> {
		val accessTokenResponseClient = WebClientReactiveJwtBearerTokenResponseClient()
		accessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient())

		return accessTokenResponseClient
	}

	@Bean
	fun tokenExchangeAccessTokenResponseClient(): ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<TokenExchangeGrantRequest> {
		val accessTokenResponseClient = WebClientReactiveTokenExchangeTokenResponseClient()
		accessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient())

		return accessTokenResponseClient
	}

	@Bean
	fun webClient(): WebClient {
		// ...
	}

}

当未提供 ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager bean 时,Spring Security 将自动发布一个默认的 ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager bean。

请注意,在这种情况下我们不需要自定义 SecurityWebFilterChain bean,并且可以坚持使用默认值。如果使用 Spring Boot 且没有额外的自定义,我们甚至可以完全省略 SecurityWebFilterChain bean。

在 Spring Security 6.3 之前,我们必须确保将此自定义应用于 OAuth2 客户端组件。虽然我们可以为 authorization_code 授权发布 ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<OAuth2AuthorizationCodeGrantRequest> 类型的 bean,但我们必须为其他授权类型发布 ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager 类型的 bean。为了理解后台配置了什么,配置可能如下所示

为 OAuth2 客户端自定义 WebClient(6.3 之前)
  • Java

  • Kotlin

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	public ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<OAuth2AuthorizationCodeGrantRequest> authorizationCodeAccessTokenResponseClient() {
		WebClientReactiveAuthorizationCodeTokenResponseClient accessTokenResponseClient =
			new WebClientReactiveAuthorizationCodeTokenResponseClient();
		accessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient());

		return accessTokenResponseClient;
	}

	@Bean
	public ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager(
			ReactiveClientRegistrationRepository clientRegistrationRepository,
			ServerOAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository authorizedClientRepository) {

		WebClientReactiveRefreshTokenTokenResponseClient refreshTokenAccessTokenResponseClient =
			new WebClientReactiveRefreshTokenTokenResponseClient();
		refreshTokenAccessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient());

		WebClientReactiveClientCredentialsTokenResponseClient clientCredentialsAccessTokenResponseClient =
			new WebClientReactiveClientCredentialsTokenResponseClient();
		clientCredentialsAccessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient());

		WebClientReactiveJwtBearerTokenResponseClient jwtBearerAccessTokenResponseClient =
			new WebClientReactiveJwtBearerTokenResponseClient();
		jwtBearerAccessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient());

		JwtBearerReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider jwtBearerAuthorizedClientProvider =
			new JwtBearerReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider();
		jwtBearerAuthorizedClientProvider.setAccessTokenResponseClient(jwtBearerAccessTokenResponseClient);

		WebClientReactiveTokenExchangeTokenResponseClient tokenExchangeAccessTokenResponseClient =
			new WebClientReactiveTokenExchangeTokenResponseClient();
		tokenExchangeAccessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient());

		TokenExchangeReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider tokenExchangeAuthorizedClientProvider =
			new TokenExchangeReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider();
		tokenExchangeAuthorizedClientProvider.setAccessTokenResponseClient(tokenExchangeAccessTokenResponseClient);

		ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider authorizedClientProvider =
			ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
				.authorizationCode()
				.refreshToken((refreshToken) -> refreshToken
					.accessTokenResponseClient(refreshTokenAccessTokenResponseClient)
				)
				.clientCredentials((clientCredentials) -> clientCredentials
					.accessTokenResponseClient(clientCredentialsAccessTokenResponseClient)
				)
				.provider(jwtBearerAuthorizedClientProvider)
				.provider(tokenExchangeAuthorizedClientProvider)
				.build();

		DefaultReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager authorizedClientManager =
			new DefaultReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
				clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientRepository);
		authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider);

		return authorizedClientManager;
	}

	@Bean
	public WebClient webClient() {
		// ...
	}

}
import org.springframework.security.config.web.server.invoke

@Configuration
class SecurityConfig {

	@Bean
	fun authorizationCodeAccessTokenResponseClient(): ReactiveOAuth2AccessTokenResponseClient<OAuth2AuthorizationCodeGrantRequest> {
		val accessTokenResponseClient = WebClientReactiveAuthorizationCodeTokenResponseClient()
		accessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient())

		return accessTokenResponseClient
	}

	@Bean
	fun authorizedClientManager(
		clientRegistrationRepository: ReactiveClientRegistrationRepository?,
		authorizedClientRepository: ServerOAuth2AuthorizedClientRepository?
	): ReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager {
		val refreshTokenAccessTokenResponseClient = WebClientReactiveRefreshTokenTokenResponseClient()
		refreshTokenAccessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient())

		val clientCredentialsAccessTokenResponseClient = WebClientReactiveClientCredentialsTokenResponseClient()
		clientCredentialsAccessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient())

		val jwtBearerAccessTokenResponseClient = WebClientReactiveJwtBearerTokenResponseClient()
		jwtBearerAccessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient())

		val jwtBearerAuthorizedClientProvider = JwtBearerReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider()
		jwtBearerAuthorizedClientProvider.setAccessTokenResponseClient(jwtBearerAccessTokenResponseClient)

		val tokenExchangeAccessTokenResponseClient = WebClientReactiveTokenExchangeTokenResponseClient()
		tokenExchangeAccessTokenResponseClient.setWebClient(webClient())

		val tokenExchangeAuthorizedClientProvider = TokenExchangeReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientProvider()
		tokenExchangeAuthorizedClientProvider.setAccessTokenResponseClient(tokenExchangeAccessTokenResponseClient)

		val authorizedClientProvider = OAuth2AuthorizedClientProviderBuilder.builder()
			.authorizationCode()
			.refreshToken { refreshToken ->
				refreshToken.accessTokenResponseClient(refreshTokenAccessTokenResponseClient)
			}
			.clientCredentials { clientCredentials ->
				clientCredentials.accessTokenResponseClient(clientCredentialsAccessTokenResponseClient)
			}
			.provider(jwtBearerAuthorizedClientProvider)
			.provider(tokenExchangeAuthorizedClientProvider)
			.build()

		val authorizedClientManager = DefaultReactiveOAuth2AuthorizedClientManager(
			clientRegistrationRepository, authorizedClientRepository
		)
		authorizedClientManager.setAuthorizedClientProvider(authorizedClientProvider)

		return authorizedClientManager
	}

	@Bean
	fun webClient(): WebClient {
		// ...
	}

}

延伸阅读

前面的章节介绍了 Spring Security 对 OAuth2 的支持,并提供了常见场景的示例。您可以在参考文档的以下章节中阅读更多关于 OAuth2 客户端和资源服务器的内容

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