操作方法：自定义 OpenID Connect 1.0 UserInfo 响应

本指南展示了如何自定义 UserInfo 端点的 Spring 授权服务器。本指南的目的是演示如何启用端点并使用可用的自定义选项生成自定义响应。

启用用户信息端点
自定义用户信息响应

启用用户信息端点

OpenID Connect 1.0 UserInfo 端点是一个 OAuth2 受保护资源，需要将访问令牌作为承载令牌发送到 UserInfo 请求中。

从 OpenID Connect 身份验证请求中获取的访问令牌必须作为承载令牌发送，根据 OAuth 2.0 承载令牌使用 [RFC6750] 的第 2 部分。

在自定义响应之前，您需要启用 UserInfo 端点。以下清单显示如何启用 OAuth2 资源服务器配置。

import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.util.UUID;

import com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.JWKSet;
import com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.RSAKey;
import com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.source.ImmutableJWKSet;
import com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.source.JWKSource;
import com.nimbusds.jose.proc.SecurityContext;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.security.config.Customizer;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.AuthorizationGrantType;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.ClientAuthenticationMethod;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.oidc.OidcScopes;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.jwt.JwtDecoder;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.client.InMemoryRegisteredClientRepository;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.client.RegisteredClient;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.client.RegisteredClientRepository;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.config.annotation.web.configuration.OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfiguration;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.config.annotation.web.configurers.OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.settings.AuthorizationServerSettings;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.settings.ClientSettings;
import org.springframework.security.provisioning.InMemoryUserDetailsManager;
import org.springframework.security.web.SecurityFilterChain;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.LoginUrlAuthenticationEntryPoint;
import org.springframework.security.web.util.matcher.MediaTypeRequestMatcher;

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@EnableWebSecurity
public class EnableUserInfoSecurityConfig {

	@Bean (1)
	@Order(1)
	public SecurityFilterChain authorizationServerSecurityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
		OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfiguration.applyDefaultSecurity(http);
		http.getConfigurer(OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfigurer.class)
			.oidc(Customizer.withDefaults());	// Enable OpenID Connect 1.0
		http
			.oauth2ResourceServer((oauth2) -> oauth2.jwt(Customizer.withDefaults())) (2)
			.exceptionHandling((exceptions) -> exceptions
				.defaultAuthenticationEntryPointFor(
					new LoginUrlAuthenticationEntryPoint("/login"),
					new MediaTypeRequestMatcher(MediaType.TEXT_HTML)
				)
			);

		return http.build();
	}

	@Bean
	@Order(2)
	public SecurityFilterChain defaultSecurityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
		http
			.authorizeHttpRequests((authorize) -> authorize
				.anyRequest().authenticated()
			)
			.formLogin(Customizer.withDefaults());

		return http.build();
	}

	@Bean (3)
	public JwtDecoder jwtDecoder(JWKSource<SecurityContext> jwkSource) {
		return OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfiguration.jwtDecoder(jwkSource);
	}

	@Bean
	public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
		UserDetails userDetails = User.withDefaultPasswordEncoder()
				.username("user")
				.password("password")
				.roles("USER")
				.build();

		return new InMemoryUserDetailsManager(userDetails);
	}

	@Bean
	public RegisteredClientRepository registeredClientRepository() {
		RegisteredClient registeredClient = RegisteredClient.withId(UUID.randomUUID().toString())
				.clientId("messaging-client")
				.clientSecret("{noop}secret")
				.clientAuthenticationMethod(ClientAuthenticationMethod.CLIENT_SECRET_BASIC)
				.authorizationGrantType(AuthorizationGrantType.AUTHORIZATION_CODE)
				.authorizationGrantType(AuthorizationGrantType.REFRESH_TOKEN)
				.authorizationGrantType(AuthorizationGrantType.CLIENT_CREDENTIALS)
				.redirectUri("http://127.0.0.1:8080/login/oauth2/code/messaging-client-oidc")
				.redirectUri("http://127.0.0.1:8080/authorized")
				.scope(OidcScopes.OPENID)
				.scope(OidcScopes.ADDRESS)
				.scope(OidcScopes.EMAIL)
				.scope(OidcScopes.PHONE)
				.scope(OidcScopes.PROFILE)
				.scope("message.read")
				.scope("message.write")
				.clientSettings(ClientSettings.builder().requireAuthorizationConsent(true).build())
				.build();

		return new InMemoryRegisteredClientRepository(registeredClient);
	}

	@Bean
	public JWKSource<SecurityContext> jwkSource() {
		KeyPair keyPair = generateRsaKey();
		RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
		RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
		RSAKey rsaKey = new RSAKey.Builder(publicKey)
				.privateKey(privateKey)
				.keyID(UUID.randomUUID().toString())
				.build();
		JWKSet jwkSet = new JWKSet(rsaKey);
		return new ImmutableJWKSet<>(jwkSet);
	}

	private static KeyPair generateRsaKey() {
		KeyPair keyPair;
		try {
			KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
			keyPairGenerator.initialize(2048);
			keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();
		}
		catch (Exception ex) {
			throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
		}
		return keyPair;
	}

	@Bean
	public AuthorizationServerSettings authorizationServerSettings() {
		return AuthorizationServerSettings.builder().build();
	}

}

单击上面代码示例中的“展开折叠文本”图标以显示完整示例。

此配置提供以下内容

1	协议端点的 Spring Security 过滤器链。
2	资源服务器支持，允许使用访问令牌对用户信息请求进行身份验证。
3	用于验证访问令牌的 `JwtDecoder` 实例。

自定义用户信息响应

以下部分描述了一些用于自定义用户信息响应的选项。

自定义 ID 令牌
自定义用户信息映射器

自定义 ID 令牌

默认情况下，用户信息响应是通过使用令牌响应返回的 id_token 中的声明生成的。使用默认策略，标准声明仅在授权期间根据请求的范围返回用户信息响应。

自定义用户信息响应的首选方式是向 id_token 添加标准声明。以下清单显示如何向 id_token 添加声明。

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.oidc.OidcUserInfo;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.oidc.endpoint.OidcParameterNames;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.token.JwtEncodingContext;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.token.OAuth2TokenCustomizer;

@Configuration
public class IdTokenCustomizerConfig {

	@Bean (1)
	public OAuth2TokenCustomizer<JwtEncodingContext> tokenCustomizer(
			OidcUserInfoService userInfoService) {
		return (context) -> {
			if (OidcParameterNames.ID_TOKEN.equals(context.getTokenType().getValue())) {
				OidcUserInfo userInfo = userInfoService.loadUser( (2)
						context.getPrincipal().getName());
				context.getClaims().claims(claims ->
						claims.putAll(userInfo.getClaims()));
			}
		};
	}

}

此配置提供以下内容

1	用于自定义 `id_token` 的 `OAuth2TokenCustomizer` 实例。
2	用于以特定于域的方式获取用户信息的自定义服务。

以下清单显示了用于以特定于域的方式查找用户信息的自定义服务

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.oidc.OidcUserInfo;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * Example service to perform lookup of user info for customizing an {@code id_token}.
 */
@Service
public class OidcUserInfoService {

	private final UserInfoRepository userInfoRepository = new UserInfoRepository();

	public OidcUserInfo loadUser(String username) {
		return new OidcUserInfo(this.userInfoRepository.findByUsername(username));
	}

	static class UserInfoRepository {

		private final Map<String, Map<String, Object>> userInfo = new HashMap<>();

		public UserInfoRepository() {
			this.userInfo.put("user1", createUser("user1"));
			this.userInfo.put("user2", createUser("user2"));
		}

		public Map<String, Object> findByUsername(String username) {
			return this.userInfo.get(username);
		}

		private static Map<String, Object> createUser(String username) {
			return OidcUserInfo.builder()
					.subject(username)
					.name("First Last")
					.givenName("First")
					.familyName("Last")
					.middleName("Middle")
					.nickname("User")
					.preferredUsername(username)
					.profile("https://example.com/" + username)
					.picture("https://example.com/" + username + ".jpg")
					.website("https://example.com")
					.email(username + "@example.com")
					.emailVerified(true)
					.gender("female")
					.birthdate("1970-01-01")
					.zoneinfo("Europe/Paris")
					.locale("en-US")
					.phoneNumber("+1 (604) 555-1234;ext=5678")
					.phoneNumberVerified(false)
					.claim("address", Collections.singletonMap("formatted", "Champ de Mars\n5 Av. Anatole France\n75007 Paris\nFrance"))
					.updatedAt("1970-01-01T00:00:00Z")
					.build()
					.getClaims();
		}
	}

}

自定义用户信息映射器

要完全自定义用户信息响应，您可以提供一个自定义用户信息映射器，该映射器能够生成用于呈现响应的对象，该对象是 Spring Security 中 OidcUserInfo 类的实例。映射器实现接收 OidcUserInfoAuthenticationContext 的实例，其中包含有关当前请求的信息，包括 OAuth2Authorization。

以下清单显示了在直接使用 OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfigurer 时可用的自定义选项。

import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.function.Function;

import com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.JWKSet;
import com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.RSAKey;
import com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.source.ImmutableJWKSet;
import com.nimbusds.jose.jwk.source.JWKSource;
import com.nimbusds.jose.proc.SecurityContext;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.security.config.Customizer;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.AuthorizationGrantType;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.ClientAuthenticationMethod;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.oidc.OidcScopes;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.core.oidc.OidcUserInfo;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.jwt.JwtDecoder;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.client.InMemoryRegisteredClientRepository;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.client.RegisteredClient;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.client.RegisteredClientRepository;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.config.annotation.web.configuration.OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfiguration;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.config.annotation.web.configurers.OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.oidc.authentication.OidcUserInfoAuthenticationContext;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.oidc.authentication.OidcUserInfoAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.settings.AuthorizationServerSettings;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.settings.ClientSettings;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.resource.authentication.JwtAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.provisioning.InMemoryUserDetailsManager;
import org.springframework.security.web.SecurityFilterChain;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.LoginUrlAuthenticationEntryPoint;
import org.springframework.security.web.util.matcher.MediaTypeRequestMatcher;
import org.springframework.security.web.util.matcher.RequestMatcher;

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@EnableWebSecurity
public class JwtUserInfoMapperSecurityConfig {

	@Bean (1)
	@Order(1)
	public SecurityFilterChain authorizationServerSecurityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
		OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfigurer authorizationServerConfigurer =
				new OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfigurer();
		RequestMatcher endpointsMatcher = authorizationServerConfigurer
				.getEndpointsMatcher();

		Function<OidcUserInfoAuthenticationContext, OidcUserInfo> userInfoMapper = (context) -> { (2)
			OidcUserInfoAuthenticationToken authentication = context.getAuthentication();
			JwtAuthenticationToken principal = (JwtAuthenticationToken) authentication.getPrincipal();

			return new OidcUserInfo(principal.getToken().getClaims());
		};

		authorizationServerConfigurer
			.oidc((oidc) -> oidc
				.userInfoEndpoint((userInfo) -> userInfo
					.userInfoMapper(userInfoMapper) (3)
				)
			);
		http
			.securityMatcher(endpointsMatcher)
			.authorizeHttpRequests((authorize) -> authorize
				.anyRequest().authenticated()
			)
			.csrf(csrf -> csrf.ignoringRequestMatchers(endpointsMatcher))
			.oauth2ResourceServer(resourceServer -> resourceServer
				.jwt(Customizer.withDefaults()) (4)
			)
			.exceptionHandling((exceptions) -> exceptions
				.defaultAuthenticationEntryPointFor(
					new LoginUrlAuthenticationEntryPoint("/login"),
					new MediaTypeRequestMatcher(MediaType.TEXT_HTML)
				)
			)
			.apply(authorizationServerConfigurer); (5)

		return http.build();
	}

	@Bean
	@Order(2)
	public SecurityFilterChain defaultSecurityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
		http
			.authorizeHttpRequests((authorize) -> authorize
				.anyRequest().authenticated()
			)
			.formLogin(Customizer.withDefaults());

		return http.build();
	}

	@Bean
	public JwtDecoder jwtDecoder(JWKSource<SecurityContext> jwkSource) {
		return OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfiguration.jwtDecoder(jwkSource);
	}

	@Bean
	public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
		UserDetails userDetails = User.withDefaultPasswordEncoder()
				.username("user")
				.password("password")
				.roles("USER")
				.build();

		return new InMemoryUserDetailsManager(userDetails);
	}

	@Bean
	public RegisteredClientRepository registeredClientRepository() {
		RegisteredClient registeredClient = RegisteredClient.withId(UUID.randomUUID().toString())
				.clientId("messaging-client")
				.clientSecret("{noop}secret")
				.clientAuthenticationMethod(ClientAuthenticationMethod.CLIENT_SECRET_BASIC)
				.authorizationGrantType(AuthorizationGrantType.AUTHORIZATION_CODE)
				.authorizationGrantType(AuthorizationGrantType.REFRESH_TOKEN)
				.authorizationGrantType(AuthorizationGrantType.CLIENT_CREDENTIALS)
				.redirectUri("http://127.0.0.1:8080/login/oauth2/code/messaging-client-oidc")
				.redirectUri("http://127.0.0.1:8080/authorized")
				.scope(OidcScopes.OPENID)
				.scope("message.read")
				.scope("message.write")
				.clientSettings(ClientSettings.builder().requireAuthorizationConsent(true).build())
				.build();

		return new InMemoryRegisteredClientRepository(registeredClient);
	}

	@Bean
	public JWKSource<SecurityContext> jwkSource() {
		KeyPair keyPair = generateRsaKey();
		RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
		RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
		RSAKey rsaKey = new RSAKey.Builder(publicKey)
				.privateKey(privateKey)
				.keyID(UUID.randomUUID().toString())
				.build();
		JWKSet jwkSet = new JWKSet(rsaKey);
		return new ImmutableJWKSet<>(jwkSet);
	}

	private static KeyPair generateRsaKey() {
		KeyPair keyPair;
		try {
			KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
			keyPairGenerator.initialize(2048);
			keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();
		}
		catch (Exception ex) {
			throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
		}
		return keyPair;
	}

	@Bean
	public AuthorizationServerSettings authorizationServerSettings() {
		return AuthorizationServerSettings.builder().build();
	}

}

此配置将访问令牌（在使用入门配置时为 JWT）中的声明映射到填充用户信息响应，并提供以下内容

1	协议端点的 Spring Security 过滤器链。
2	以特定于域的方式映射声明的用户信息映射器。
3	显示用于自定义用户信息映射器的配置选项的示例。
4	资源服务器支持，允许使用访问令牌对用户信息请求进行身份验证。
5	一个示例，展示如何将 `OAuth2AuthorizationServerConfigurer` 应用于 Spring Security 配置。

用户信息映射器并不局限于映射 JWT 中的声明，但这是一个展示自定义选项的简单示例。类似于前面展示的示例，其中我们自定义 ID 令牌的声明，您可以在之前自定义访问令牌本身的声明，如下面的示例所示

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.OAuth2TokenType;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.token.JwtEncodingContext;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.server.authorization.token.OAuth2TokenCustomizer;

@Configuration
public class JwtTokenCustomizerConfig {

	@Bean
	public OAuth2TokenCustomizer<JwtEncodingContext> tokenCustomizer() {
		return (context) -> {
			if (OAuth2TokenType.ACCESS_TOKEN.equals(context.getTokenType())) {
				context.getClaims().claims((claims) -> {
					claims.put("claim-1", "value-1");
					claims.put("claim-2", "value-2");
				});
			}
		};
	}

}

无论您直接自定义用户信息响应还是使用此示例并自定义访问令牌，您都可以查找数据库中的信息、执行 LDAP 查询、向其他服务发出请求，或使用任何其他方式获取您希望在用户信息响应中显示的信息。