动态创建容器

有几种技术可用于在运行时创建监听器容器。本节探讨其中一些技术。

MessageListener 实现

如果您直接实现自己的监听器，则可以使用容器工厂为该监听器创建原始容器

用户监听器

Java
Kotlin

public class MyListener implements MessageListener<String, String> {

    @Override
    public void onMessage(ConsumerRecord<String, String> data) {
        // ...
    }

}

private ConcurrentMessageListenerContainer<String, String> createContainer(
        ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> factory, String topic, String group) {

    ConcurrentMessageListenerContainer<String, String> container = factory.createContainer(topic);
    container.getContainerProperties().setMessageListener(new MyListener());
    container.getContainerProperties().setGroupId(group);
    container.setBeanName(group);
    container.start();
    return container;
}

class MyListener : MessageListener<String?, String?> {

    override fun onMessage(data: ConsumerRecord<String?, String?>) {
        // ...
    }

}

private fun createContainer(
    factory: ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String>, topic: String, group: String
): ConcurrentMessageListenerContainer<String, String> {
    val container = factory.createContainer(topic)
    container.containerProperties.messageListener = MyListener()
    container.containerProperties.groupId = group
    container.beanName = group
    container.start()
    return container
}

原型 Bean

可以通过将 Bean 声明为原型，动态创建用于带 @KafkaListener 注释的方法的容器

原型

Java
Kotlin

public class MyPojo {

    private final String id;

    private final String topic;

    public MyPojo(String id, String topic) {
        this.id = id;
        this.topic = topic;
    }

    public String getId() {
        return this.id;
    }

    public String getTopic() {
        return this.topic;
    }

    @KafkaListener(id = "#{__listener.id}", topics = "#{__listener.topic}")
    public void listen(String in) {
        System.out.println(in);
    }

}

@Bean
@Scope(ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE)
MyPojo pojo(String id, String topic) {
    return new MyPojo(id, topic);
}

applicationContext.getBean(MyPojo.class, "one", "topic2");
applicationContext.getBean(MyPojo.class, "two", "topic3");

class MyPojo(id: String?, topic: String?) {

    @KafkaListener(id = "#{__listener.id}", topics = ["#{__listener.topics}"])
    fun listen(`in`: String?) {
        println(`in`)
    }

}

@Bean
@Scope(ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE)
fun pojo(id: String?, topic: String?): MyPojo {
    return MyPojo(id, topic)
}

applicationContext.getBean(MyPojo::class.java, "one", arrayOf("topic2"))
applicationContext.getBean(MyPojo::class.java, "two", arrayOf("topic3"))

监听器必须具有唯一 ID。从版本 2.8.9 开始，KafkaListenerEndpointRegistry 有一个新方法 unregisterListenerContainer(String id)，允许您重新使用 ID。注销容器不会 stop() 容器，您必须自己执行此操作。